Publication

Power and Mobility (P&M)
2016

TACTICAL VEHICLE TO GRID AND VEHICLE TO VEHICLE DEMONSTRATION

by Janie Hancock; Steven W. Kolhoff; Dean Z. McGrew; M. Abul Masrur Ph.D.; Annette G. Skowronska; James Vandiver; Jim Gatherer; Jason Palmer; Robert Wood; Peter Curtiss; Max Dorflinger

Abstract

The roll-up roll-away Tactical Vehicle-to-Grid / Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2G/V2V) system provides a plug-and-play, very fast forming, smart, aggregated, and efficient power solution for an emerging (including austere) contingency base that is ready to generate up to 240kW of 208 VAC 3-phase power in less than 20 minutes. The system is designed to provide grid services (peak shaving, Volt/VAR control, power regulation, and current source mode) beneficial to emerging and mature grids (CONUS or OCONUS). The system uses vehicle Transmission-Integrated Generators (TIGs) to produce 600VDC power for use by vehicle hotel-loads (electrification) and off-board loads (tents/shelters, communications centers, or other electrical loads). Each vehicle is equipped with a Vehicle Communication Module (VCM), which provided the communication capability prior to initiation of transfer of up to 100kW of power via the J1772 SAE Combo Connector between vehicles (V2V) and/or for export power off-vehicle (V2G). This effort involves four tactical vehicles; two M1152 HMMWVs equipped with 30kW of On-Board Vehicle Power (OBVP) and two MaxxPro Dash MRAPs equipped with a 120kW 3000 Transmission-Integrated Generators (3TIGs) with V2G and V2V capability, four 60kW DC-to-three-phase (3Ø) AC power converters with 600 VDC bus distribution systems and four 22.8 kWh Energy Storage Systems (ESU). This multi-vehicle based power system utilizes variable engine speeds for efficient power generation. The demonstration project included the sub-system development, communications systems development, system integration, testing, and demonstration. The system supports host-grid connectivity to reduce deployed fuel consumption for power generation by 20 percent. This can come through operation of the engines at their optimum speed based on the engine map, along with proper management of the generation and energy storage resources. In addition, one or more generation sources can be completely turned off (i.e. engine off condition) when possible depending on the load demand, thus resulting in fuel economy improvement. The system capability was first demonstrated at TARDEC and then with the Warfighter at Fort Devens, Sustainability Logistics Basing (SLB) Science and Technology Objective Demonstration (STO/D), in FY16. The paper includes test data and results collected during the; System Validation Test at TARDEC, APG Safety Release, Demonstration at Fort Devens. In addition, the paper includes test results of sub-system and some results from modeling and simulation (M&S) of the system. M&S will involve relevant logic for deciding which VCM module acquires the status of a Master Controller, and will also include droop control of the generation sources and integration of the energy storage sources (ESU), i.e. the batteries, so that proper grid voltage level can be maintained within limited boundaries.